ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

 

GANGWAR SIR BIOZONE

BIOLOGY

Class: 11 (2025-26)

CLASS TEST

TIME: 1.5 HOURS	M.M.: 62

General Instructions:

• This question paper contains 21 questions.

• All questions are compulsory.

• Q.1 to 5 (Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)): 5 questions. Each question carries 1 mark.

• Q.6 to 7 (Assertion Reason Questions): 2 questions. Each question carries 1 mark.

• Q.8 to 12 (Very Short Answer Questions): 5 questions. Each question carries 3 marks.

• Q.13 to 17 (Short Answer Questions): 5 questions. Each question carries 3 marks.

• Q.18 to 20 (Long Answer Questions): 3 questions. Each question carries 5 marks.

• Q.21 to 21 (Competency Based Questions): 1 questions. Each question carries 10 marks.

Topics Covered:

• Anatomy of Flowering Plants

 

Q.NO.	QUESTIONS	MARKS
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQS) Questions 1 to 5 (5 questions × 1 mark each)
1	Which of the following statements accurately describes the function of the casparian strip in the endodermis of plant roots? A. It facilitates the direct and unregulated entry of water and minerals into the xylem. B. It actively transports sugars from the xylem into the cortex. C. It blocks the apoplastic pathway, forcing water and minerals to enter the xylem via the symplastic route. D. It provides structural support to the root cortex, preventing collapse under pressure.	1
2	Sclerenchyma cells are primarily characterized by their thick, lignified secondary cell walls. What is the MAIN functional significance of this characteristic? A. Facilitating rapid transport of water and nutrients throughout the plant. B. Providing flexibility and allowing for growth and expansion of plant tissues. C. Offering mechanical support and strength to plant organs, particularly in mature tissues. D. Storing large quantities of starch and other food reserves.	1
3	Consider a transverse section of a dicot stem. If you observe a region with tightly packed, small, thin-walled parenchyma cells interspersed with a few scattered vascular bundles, which region would this most likely represent? A. Pith B. Cortex C. Stele D. Epidermis	1
4	The pericycle of a root is significant because it contributes to which of the following processes? A. The formation of the vascular cambium and lateral roots. B. The production of the root cap and protection of the apical meristem. C. The absorption of water and minerals from the soil. D. The synthesis of photosynthetic pigments for the root.	1
5	What is the primary function of lenticels found on the bark of stems and roots? A. To provide structural support to the bark. B. To facilitate gas exchange between the internal tissues and the atmosphere. C. To protect the underlying tissues from physical damage. D. To store water and nutrients for the plant.	1
ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS Questions 6 to 7 (2 questions × 1 mark each) Instructions: The following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A. C. A is true but R is false. D. A is false but R is true.
6	Assertion (A): The casparian strip in the endodermis of roots is made up of suberin.  Reason (R): Suberin is impermeable to water and solutes, forcing water and ions to enter the vascular cylinder via the symplast.	1
7	Assertion (A): Sclerenchyma provides mechanical support to the plant.  Reason (R): Sclerenchyma cells are living and actively participate in photosynthesis.	1
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Questions 8 to 12 (5 questions × 3 marks each)
8	Explain the significance of the casparian strip in the endodermis of a root. How does it regulate the movement of water and ions?	3
9	What is the primary function of sieve tubes and companion cells in phloem tissue?	3
10	Describe how the arrangement of vascular bundles in dicot stems differs from that in monocot stems. How does this difference relate to their growth patterns?	3
11	Explain the role of lenticels in the stem of a woody plant. Why are they important for gas exchange?	3
12	Analyze the structural adaptations of xylem vessels that contribute to their efficiency in water transport. Consider aspects like cell wall composition, presence or absence of protoplasm, and vessel diameter. How do these features minimize resistance to water flow?	3
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Questions 13 to 17 (5 questions × 3 marks each)
13	What is the primary function of the casparian strip found in the endodermis of a plant root?	3
14	Explain how the arrangement of vascular bundles in dicot stems differs from that in monocot stems. Focus on the organization and distribution of xylem and phloem.	3
15	Describe the role of lenticels in plant stems. How are they structurally different from stomata?	3
16	Analyze the adaptive significance of the sclerenchyma tissue in flowering plants. How does its structure relate to its function, and provide two specific examples of its occurrence in different plant parts?	3
17	Explain the function of the pith in a dicot stem. How does its composition contribute to its role within the stem?	3
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS Questions 18 to 20 (3 questions × 5 marks each)
18	Describe the structure of the vascular bundles in dicot stems, highlighting the functions of each component. How do these vascular bundles contribute to the efficient transport of water, minerals, and photosynthetic products throughout the plant?	5
19	Explain the difference between sclerenchyma and collenchyma tissues. Describe their structural features and the specific roles they play in providing mechanical support to the plant body.	5
20	Describe the structure and function of the root hair zone in plants. How does this specialized region contribute to the absorption of water and minerals from the soil? Explain the adaptations that enhance its efficiency.	5
COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS Questions 21 to 21 (1 questions × 10 marks each)
21	A team of botany students is studying the internal structure of a sunflower stem. They meticulously dissect a portion of the stem and prepare slides for microscopic observation. While examining the slides, they notice variations in the arrangement and thickness of vascular bundles across different regions of the stem. They also observe distinct layers of ground tissue and a protective epidermis. The students are tasked with analyzing these observations to understand the stem's functionality and adaptation to its environment, considering factors like water transport, mechanical support, and protection against external threats. They need to correlate the observed structural features with the sunflower's growth habit and overall physiology. A. Analyze how the arrangement of vascular bundles (xylem and phloem) contributes to the efficient transport of water and nutrients throughout the sunflower stem. B. Evaluate the role of sclerenchyma fibers within the vascular bundles and ground tissue in providing mechanical support to the stem, considering the sunflower's height and exposure to wind. C. Critique the effectiveness of the epidermis and associated structures (like stomata, if present) in protecting the stem from environmental stressors such as pathogens and water loss. D. Design an experiment to investigate the relationship between the thickness of the cortex and the stem's ability to store food reserves, predicting how this might vary with the sunflower's age and developmental stage. E. Create a comparative analysis of the stem's anatomy, contrasting it with that of a herbaceous dicot stem and explaining the adaptive advantages of the sunflower's structure.	10