Gene therapy

 

Test paper of chemical coordination and control

GANGWAR SIR BIOZONE BAREILLY

BIOLOGY

Class: 11 (2025-26)

CLASS TEST

TIME: 1.5 HOURS

                                                         M.M.: 45

General Instructions:

• This question paper contains 22 questions.

• All questions are compulsory.

• Q.1 to 5 (Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)): 5 questions. Each question carries 1 mark.

• Q.6 to 7 (Assertion Reason Questions): 2 questions. Each question carries 1 mark.

• Q.8 to 11 (Very Short Answer Questions): 4 questions. Each question carries 1 mark.

• Q.12 to 16 (Short Answer Questions): 5 questions. Each question carries 2 marks.

• Q.17 to 19 (Competency Based Questions): 3 questions. Each question carries 3 marks.

• Q.20 to 22 (Long Answer Questions): 3 questions. Each question carries 5 marks.

Topics Covered:

• Chemical Coordination and Integration

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQS)

Questions 1 to 5 (5 questions × 1 mark each)

1

 A patient exhibits symptoms of high blood glucose levels and ketones in urine. Deficiency of which hormone is most likely responsible for this condition?

A. Insulin

B. Glucagon

C. Cortisol

D. Adrenaline

2

Which hormone is administered clinically to induce labor contractions during childbirth?

A. Oxytocin

B. Prolactin

C. Progesterone

D. Estrogen

3

Which hormone deficiency would lead to symptoms of polyuria (excessive urination) and polydipsia (excessive thirst) due to reduced water reabsorption in kidneys?

A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

B. Insulin

C. Aldosterone

D. Thyroxine

4

A patient shows symptoms of rapid heartbeat, weight loss despite increased appetite, heat intolerance, and protruding eyeballs. Which gland's hyperactivity and hormone overproduction is most likely responsible?

A. Thyroid gland producing thyroxine

B. Adrenal cortex producing cortisol

C. Anterior pituitary producing growth hormone

D. Pancreas producing glucagon

5

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating calcium homeostasis by increasing blood calcium levels?

A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

B. Calcitonin

C. Thyroxine

D. Aldosterone

ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS

Questions 6 to 7 (2 questions × 1 mark each)

Instructions:

The following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).

Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

6

Assertion (A): Insulin lowers blood glucose levels. Reason (R): Insulin promotes cellular uptake of glucose and its conversion to glycogen.

7

Assertion (A): In hypothyroidism, the levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) are elevated. Reason (R): Low thyroxine levels fail to inhibit the anterior pituitary's secretion of TSH.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Questions 8 to 11 (4 questions × 1 mark each)

8

Identify the hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that helps in regulating carbohydrate metabolism under stress conditions.

9

Analyze why the pancreas is considered both an endocrine and exocrine gland.

10

Explain how parathyroid hormone regulates blood calcium levels.

11

Why does iodine deficiency lead to elevated TSH levels in the blood?

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Questions 12 to 16 (5 questions × 2 marks each)

12

Name two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla and state their function.

13

Explain how deficiency of insulin leads to hyperglycemia in the body.

14

Write the function of MSH and Melotonin

15

Describe the role of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in regulating sodium ion concentration in blood.

16

State two physiological effects of thyroxine hormone in humans.

COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS

Questions 17 to 19 (3 questions)

17

During a school sports meet, 17-year-old athlete Priya suddenly experienced extreme fatigue, muscle weakness, and dizziness. Medical tests revealed her blood sodium levels were dangerously low while potassium was elevated. The doctor suspected an endocrine disorder related to adrenal hormone imbalance.

A. Analyze how aldosterone deficiency could explain Priya's electrolyte imbalance

B. Evaluate why glucocorticoid replacement alone wouldn't resolve this condition.

18

A Year-old office worker reported persistent tingling in fingers and muscle cramps. Blood tests showed hypocalcemia (low calcium) and hyperphosphatemia. Further investigation revealed low parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and normal kidney function. The endocrinologist began treatment planning.

A. Analyze the relationship between PTH deficiency and the observed blood parameters

B. Evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin D supplements alone versus combination therapy

C. Create a monitoring plan to prevent complications of long-term hypocalcemia treatment

D. Critique the statement: 'This condition only affects bone health'

E. Design a patient education strategy about lifestyle modifications for this disorder

19

In a diabetes awareness camp, counsellors encountered a patient experiencing frequent hypoglycemic episodes despite insulin therapy. The patient had erratic eating patterns and occasionally skipped meals. Blood tests revealed inappropriately high insulin levels during hypoglycemia, prompting suspicion of hormonal misregulation.

A. Analyze how glucagon secretion failure exacerbates insulin-induced hypoglycemia

B. Evaluate the rationale for using continuous glucose monitoring in such cases

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

Questions 20 to 22 (3 questions × 5 marks each)

20

A patient exhibits symptoms of high metabolic rate, weight loss, increased heartbeat, and protrusion of eyes. Identify the hormone responsible for this condition and name the gland secreting it. Explain the role of this hormone in the human body. Discuss the disorder caused by its hypersecretion.

21

Explain the mechanism of hormone action using protein hormones and steroid hormones as examples. How do they differ in their mode of signalling 

at the cellular level?

22

List the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and state one function of each hormone.

Stanley miller experiment

 

Figure 5.3. Gene vs chromosome

 

Pollen pistil interaction

 

CLASS XI LIST OF INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

List of 20 investigatory project ideas for Class XI based on the NCERT syllabus:

1. Study of the Effect of Different Fertilizers on Plant Growth

2. Analysis of the Water Quality from Local Water Bodies

3. Study of the Antimicrobial Properties of Various Plant Extracts

4. Impact of pH on the Germination of Seeds

5. Role of Yeast in Fermentation and its Commercial Applications

6. Study of Pollution Levels in Air Using Bioindicators like Lichens

7. Comparative Study of Different Types of Soils and Their Water Retention Capacities

8. Investigating the Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Activity

9. Study of Biodegradation of Domestic Waste Using Earthworms (Vermicomposting)

10. Analysis of the Effect of Light Intensity on the Rate of Photosynthesis

11. Testing the Presence of in Food Items

12. Comparative Study of Various Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Plastics

13. Effect of Music or Sound Vibrations on Plant Growth

14. Study of the Blood Groups and Their Distribution in a Population Sample

15. Investigating the Effect of Sugar Substitutes on Yeast Respiration

16. Study of Microorganisms in Curd and Their Role in Curd Formation

17. Analysis of the Vitamin C Content in Different Fruits and Vegetables

18. Impact of Mobile Phone Radiation on Seed Germination

19. Extraction and Study of Natural Dyes from Plant Sources

20. Survey and Study of Medicinal Plants in a Local Area

Enzyme -chemical composition

 

Life cycles of plantae kingdom

 

Fluid mosaic model

 

63 most important topics ...must prepared for XII (Biology) 2024-25

 1.   Polymerase chain reaction 

(Full process) 

2. Human Genome project.

3. Gel Electrophoresis process.

4. Humulin formation process with diagram.(pro insulin to insulin)

5. DNA fingerprinting process. 

6. SCID and ADA deficiency  treatment of a girl.

7. CANCER 

8. AIDS and Plasmodium life cycle. 

9. Post transcriptional modifications.

10. PBr 322 vector.

11. Insertional inactivation (Beta galactosidase)

12. Chromosomal theory of inheritance .

13. RNA interference mechanism.

14. Down,klinefelter and turner syndrome .

15. Lac operon.(with diagram)

16. Sewage treatment plant.(process)

17. Bio active molecules, enzymes functions ( Microbes in human welfare)

18. Biofertilisers.

19. Bio control agents.

20. Biogas plant.

21. Replication,transcription and translation process in detail 

22. Genetic code.

23. Transgenic animals and plants examples.

24. Bt cotton mechanism.

25. Logistic and exponential Growth curve and equation.

26. Species Area relationship and graph.

27. Decomposition factors.

28. In situ and Ex situ conservation with examples

29. Human diseases pathogens and symptoms.

30. Immunity and types in detail

31. Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis

32. Types of biodiversity and causes of its loss ( Evil Quartet) 

33. Pyramids of Ecosystem

34. Pyramids of Population

35. Pyramids of natural selection

36. Mono hybrid,di hybrid,incomplete dominance,pleiotropy,codominance ,test cross,back cross.Multiple allelism,polygenic inheritance with examples.

37. Theories of evolution (Lamarck, Darwin’s ,hugo de vries)

38. Hershey's chase experiment.

39. Meselson and stahl experiment.

40. Griffith experiment.

41. Drosophila and morgan experiment. (Linkage and recombination)

42. Charging of t RNA. Before translation.

43. Enzymes of biotechnology (functions ).

44.BOD,COD,bioreactors(types) 

45. Contraceptive methods(all)

46. Male and female reproductive system.

47. Primary and secondary lymphoid organs.

48. Structure of Antibody molecule.

49. Examples of...mutualism,co extinction,predation, parasitism, Sexual deceit etc

50. Miller urey experiment.

51. Polyembryony and Apomixis.

52. Assisted reproductive technologies.(all)

53. Rice Genome project.

54. Pedigree chart  analysis

55. Structure of DNA in detail. (Chargaff rule)

56. Convergent and divergent evolution .

57. Homologous and analogous organs with examples.

58. Darwin's finches and 

Australian marsupials (Examples of Adaptive radiation)

59. Hardy Weinberg equilibrium 

60. Genetic drift, Gene flow, types of mutations. (Frame shift and point) 

61. Stem cell technology.

62.Types of pollination with examples

63 Gene Gun,biolistic, electroporation, etc of how to make cells competent for DNA entry.

Minimum level of learning class xii (2023-24)

 

Excretory products

 

Cardiac cycle

 

OXY haemoglobin curve

 

a short piece of DNA having 20 base pairs,was analysed…..

 

ETS COMPLEXES AND IT’sCOMPONENTS

 

Zwitter ion and isoelectric point

 

Adaptive radiation

 

Important bio branches

 

STRUCTURE OF NEURON

 

Structure /bonding pattern of DNA

 

SKELETAL MUSCLE ULTRASTRUCTURE

 

Chapter 5 BIOLOGY MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

 

Urine formation mechanism simple notes

 

CHAPTER 4 XI BIO ANIMAL KINGDOM

Interstitial fluid vs plasma vs Lymph

 

Birth control at a glance

 

Eubacteria vs Cyanobacteria

 

Question - Answer

 

MENDELIAN TRAITS AND THEIR CHROMOSOME NUMBER

 

MENSTRUAL CYCLE ALL HORMONES AT A GLANCE

 

EVOLUTION VS SPECIATION

 

UMBILICAL CORD VS PLACENTA

 

BOTTLENECK VS FOUNDER EFFECT 2023

 

DESCRIPTION	Bottleneck Effect	Founder Effect
Definition	A sharp reduction in population size, often due to a catastrophic event or intense selection pressure.	A small group of individuals establishes a new population, resulting in reduced genetic diversity.
Cause	Natural disasters, disease outbreaks, human activities, or sudden environmental changes.	Migration, isolation, colonization, or small group formation.
Population Size	Significant reduction in population size, leading to a small surviving population.	Start with a small founding population, which becomes the basis for a new population.
Effects on Allele Frequencies	Random changes in allele frequencies due to genetic drift. Some alleles may be lost or become more prevalent than before.	Limited number of alleles carried by the founding individuals, leading to a skewed representation of the original population's genetic makeup.
Genetic Diversity	Loss of genetic variation due to the limited number of survivors, resulting in decreased diversity and increased genetic drift.	Limited genetic diversity due to the small number of individuals in the founding population.
Examples	The cheetah population reduced drastically, leading to reduced genetic diversity.	One notable example of the founder effect in India is the Parsi community. The Parsis are a small ethnic and religious group that migrated from Persia (modern-day Iran) to the Indian subcontinent around the 8th century. They settled mainly in the region of Gujarat, particularly in the city of Mumbai (formerly Bombay)..